Urbanization and energy:

Abstract

Urbanization and energy are intricately linked phenomena that shape the modern world. Urbanization, the process of population migration from rural to urban areas, has accelerated rapidly over the past century, driven by economic opportunities, technological advancements, and societal changes. This demographic shift has profound implications for energy consumption and sustainability. Cities, as the focal points of economic and social activity, are significant consumers of energy. The convergence of urban growth and energy demand underscores a complex nexus that influences environmental, economic, and social dynamics.The growth of urban areas often leads to increased energy needs due to the concentration of infrastructure, industries, transportation, and residential activities. Urban environments are characterized by high density, which necessitates substantial energy for heating, cooling, lighting, and powering various systems.